Wali daɣen tazwart n Issin amenzu (2010)
Uguren n teqbaylit/tamaziɣt ggten ass-a, tiririyin daɣ llant, ggtent. Maca ulac ccekk ixuṣṣ nezzeh umsefhem gar yisdawanen, imeskaren, s umata.
Ugur amezwaru i nezmer ad d-nebder da yerza “tamaziɣt” s timmad-is, tin n wass-a d tin n uzekka: d yiwet n tutlayt, d aṭas n tutlayin ? Da, yemxalaf ṛṛay gar yisdawanen, gar yimeskaren.
Ma nger tamawt, ad naf tutlayt ay nesselmad deg uɣerbaz, di tesdawit n Tmurt n Leqbayel d taqbaylit, ɣas ulamma semman-as “tamaziɣt”. D tidet, yella wayen ur nelli ara d taqbaylit ḥesri –nezmer ad t-nsemmi d ucrik –am wayen umi neqqaṛ tasniremt, meḥsub umawal i d-yettmeslayen ɣef tutlayt, ɣef tjeṛṛumt, ɣef tussniwin yerzan “iswiren” n tutlayt, tasekla, timetti…
Ur cukkeɣ ara belli TAZWART-a d amkan iwulmen anda i nezmer ad nessiɣzef aṭas awal ɣef temsalt-a n “Tamaziɣt ma d yiwet, neɣ d aṭas n tutlayin ?”
Maca yessefk ad d-nferreh awal-nneɣ, ad d-nessemqet iswan n umahil-a, ad d-nefk i yimseqdec n Issin 2 tamuɣli-nneɣ, ad d-nessegzi tasnarrayt i nesseqdec. Amahil, menwala deg-sen, yettusemma d ussnan, ma yebna ɣef llsisan n tussna n umeslay ideg ara naf tasnilest d tesnamawalt.
Llsas amezwaru d aferreh, d asemgired gar snat n tmuɣliwin d tarrayin i yerzan ameyyez d unadi ɣef tutlayt, menwala deg-sent. Da, ad naf, seg tama, aglam n tutlayt (i), seg tayeḍ, aslugen-is (ii).
S wudem n tesnarrayt, aglam (n tutlayt) yezwar asluggen-is. Ma nenna-t-id akken-nniḍen : asluggen (n tutlayt) yewwi-d ad ireṣṣi mliḥ mliḥ, yewwi-d ad yebnu ɣef uglam n tutlayt. Ma yexḍa ubrid-a, yezmer umdan ad d-yesnulfu “tutlayt tamaynut” ur ttissin yimsawalen n teqbaylit, ur qebblen ad tt-sqedcen di tudert-nsen, am wakken seqdacen medden “tutlayin timiddurin”.
Llsas-nniḍen wis sin : Issin 2 (am Issin, 2010) yeqqen ihi mliḥ s aglam n tutlayt n teqbaylit, ulamma yella deg-s cwiṭ n uslugen (am wayen yerzan Ilugan n tira i nesseqdec da iɣef ara d-nemmeslay cwiṭ iweksar-a). Lmeɛna n wawal “aglam n tutlayt” d lleqḍ n wawalen n tutlayt akken i tella di tilawt, akken i tt-seqdacen yimsawalen ass-a, di yal aḥric n tudert-nsen.
Amek i d-negmer, i d-nelqeḍ awalen-tiwwura i yellan deg Issin 2 ?
Am wakken i t-id-nenna iwsawen, gar yiswan n leqdic-a yella yiwen d agejdan : nra ad d-neg asegzawal n teqbaylit – ulamma neḥsa belli timeslayin mxalafent deg kra n temsal, seg temnaṭ ɣer tayeḍ. Nnig wayen nessen s timmad-nneɣ d taqbaylit n tamiwin akkit, nnig wayen neɣṛa d ammuden n tsekla (isefra, timucuha, timɛayin, inzan, …), nnig wayen nesla da d dihin, nesseqdec ttawil n facebook swayes d-negmer awalen sɣuṛ yimdukkal d temdukkal n waṭas n tamiwin n Tmurt n Leqbayel (ẓr. tisnemmar-nneɣ).
Taẓrigt-a (2016) ad ilin deg-s azal n 8000 n tewwura, maca deg-s luluf n wawalen n teqbaylit. Seg tallit ɣer tayeḍ, nerra-d s lexbeṛ belli d awezɣi ad ilin akkit wawalen n teqbaylit d tiwwura n usegzawal. Daymi i “nextaṛ” wid ara d-nerr d tiwwura n usegzawal akked wid “ur nuklal” ara, taswiɛt-a, ad aɣen imeḍqan deg TEWWURA. Lemmer i nebɣi ad d-neg asegzawal ideg ara ilint 15 neɣ, ugar, 30 ar 40 000 n tewwura, tili nerra-d akk talɣiwin ay sɛan wawalen-tiwwura, d amedya : i yal amyag, ad d-nefk akk talɣiwin-is (timeẓra, isuddimen, …) ; i yal yisem, ad d-nefk daɣ akk talɣiwin-is (unti, asget, ). Maca mačči d wa I d iswi-nneɣ, rnu ma meqqer/ɣezzif usegzawal, yezmer ur yettaf amaẓrag ara t-id-yessufɣen, ur yettaf imsaɣen s waṭas ara t-yaɣen.
Ad d-nuɣal s isallen i d-nefka i yal awal-tawwurt. Neḥsa yella deg tisallen-a cwiṭ n lexṣaṣ. Ad naf imseqdec n usegzawal-a ur yeqniɛ ara deg tbadut i d-nefka, acku ur temqit ara ; ad naf wayeḍ ur yeqniɛ ara, acku ur yufi ara deg-s AẒAR n wawal ; ad naf wis 3 ur yeqniɛ ara, acku ur yufi ara LAṢEL n wawal (meḥsub ma d awal “aneṣli” neɣ “areṭṭal)…Ahat ɣur-sen akk lḥeqq, acku yal yiwen d acu i t-iceɣben di tazwara. Maca akken qqaṛen : wa meɛduṛ, wa d lḥeqq-is. Nessaram ad ilin akka d tasawent yisegzawalen-nniḍen n teqbaylit s teqbaylit ; nessaram daɣen ad ilint wid uɣuṛ saramen yimseqdacen n yisegzawalen n teqbaylit d wid n tmaziɣin-nniḍen.
Llant tuttriwin-nni iceɣben aṭas n medden, am tid yerzan “laṣel” n wawal (ma d amaziɣ, neɣ areṭṭal ?). Yessefk ad d-nin dakken s wudem anaglam “awal amaziɣ” d “ureṭṭal” yiwen n wazal i sɛan, imi ttuneḥsaben i sin d awalen yekkin deg UMAWAL n tutlayt. Daymi ara yaf yimseqdec n Issin 2 akkit awalen n teqbaylit, akken yebɣu yili laṣel-nsen, akken tebɣu tili talɣa-nsen. Sakkin mi nfukk aglam, nezmer ad nemmeslay s tefses neɣ s telqey ɣef uslugen n tutlayt taqbaylit (neɣ ugar : tamaziɣt).
Ihi neɛṛeḍ ad d-neglem taqbaylit akken tella di tmetti, akken i tettwaseqdac, mačči akken i tt-yebɣa lxaṭeṛ d usugen n X neɣ Y.
Yessefk ahat ad d-nales i wawal ɣef wayen yerzan anamek n “aglam n teqbaylit”. Nenna-t-id yakan (Issin, 2010), maca yewwi-d ad as-d-nales. ISSIN mačči d asegzawal n yiwet n tmeslayt, d amedya, am usegzawal n Dallet (At Mengellat). Nebɣa ad d-nesken belli taqbaylit d tutlayt ilan aṭas n wayen icerken timeslayin n tamiwin n Tmurt, ulamma neẓra, seg tama-nniḍen, yella wayen i tent-iferqen. D amedya, ɣef wayen yerzan awalen (talɣiwin d yinumak), imseqdec n Issin 2 ad yaf aṭas n yimegdawalen, acku yiwet n tɣawsa ad tt-naf tesɛa aṭas n yismawen.
Am wakken i t-id-nenna di Tezwart n Issin (2010), asegzawal n teqbaylit ummid – ma d tidet yella usegzawal ummid–,d leqdic meqqṛen, d leqdic lqayen i yuḥwaǧen aṭas n wakud, aṭas n ttawilat d waṭas n tymussniwin. Asirem-nneɣ dakken seg tallit ɣer tayeḍ ad yennerni, ad yettnernay kra kra.
Dɣa gar teẓrigt tamezwarut n Issin (2010) d tin n wass-a (2016), ad naf gar-asent cwiṭ n umgired.
Gar wayen yemxalafen gar snat n teẓrigin, ad naf :
–“ṛ” d “ṣ” : di teẓrit tamezwarut, ur netteg ara taneqqiṭ (‘”.”) seddaw “r” d “s”. Deg teẓrigt-a, nerra-d “ṛ” d “ṣ”, acku nɣil ad nessifses/nessishel taɣuri i win iran ad yelmed taqbaylit. Llan wawalen dɣa anda i yessefk ad neg tineqqiḍin i “r” d “s”, ma nra ad negzi srid anamek n wawal. Ad naf iweksar-a umuɣ n kra n wawalen anda ara naf tayunin taddayin, meḥsub anda yemxalaf unamek n wawal, ma yella “r” d “s” sɛan tineqqiḍin neɣ ala.
bṛed [ḇṛeḏ] ~breḍ [ḇreḍ]
kerreb ~ keṛṛeb [ḵeṛṛ°eḇ]
fur ~fuṛ
rbu ~ṛbu
aberjuj ~abeṛjuj
rrwa (rwet) ~ ṛṛwa (ṛwu)
rwiɣ ~ ṛwiɣ
jerred ~jeṛṛeḍ
bur ~ buṛ
irebbi ~ aṛebbi (ṛebbi)
rray ~ ṛṛay
rked ~ ṛkeḍ
rrda ~ ṛṛda (ṛdu)
dder (idir) ~ddeṛ
takerrust ~takeṛṛust
(t)ikfer(t) ~ kfeṛ [ḵ°feṛ]
sskeṛ ~ssker
ɣer ~ ɣeṛ
sekkeṛ (skeṛ) ~ṣekkeṛ (taṣekkaṛt)
ṣṣeṛ ~ sser
ṣṣif ~ ssif
iṣaḥ ~isaḥ
ṣṣeḍ (iṣiḍ) ~ ssed
ṣeyyed /ṣeggeḍ ~ seyyed (sidi)
ṣṛed ~ sred
ṣmek smek ( ?)
taṣemmamt ~ tasemmamt
nker ~ nkeṛ
ṣubb subb (rgem)
tiṣemṣemt ~ tisemsemt
ṣeṛṛef ~ serref (sref)
zur ~zuṛ
ḥeṛṛem ~ ḥerrem
ṣiṛ (iṣaṛ) ~ sir (ssira)
ṣṣmayem ~ ssmayem
kerreb (kreb) ~ keṛṛeb(kṛeb)[ḵ°ṛeḇ]
taṣekkaṛt ~ tasekkurt
aṣeṛ (yuṣeṛ) ~ aser (yuser)
sbeṛbeṛ ~ sberber
Tikket-a nerna daɣen kra n tewlafin d urusfus n tseftit n yimyagen ara yif yimeɣri ɣer taggara n udlis (Issin).
Bgayet, yebrir 2016